The Foundations of Legitimacy of the Islamic Governmnet (with a Focus on Ayatollah Khamenei’s Opinions)
Ghasem
Tarkhan
Assistant Professor, Islamic Culture and Thought Research Center
author
text
article
2016
per
Considering republicanism and Islamism as the two foundations of legitimacy and considering a similar or staircase role for public acceptance, has led the theory of combined (dual) legitimacy to face ambiguities. By referring to this theory in the three phases of definition, justification and consequences and by scrutiny, attention and presenting a special approach, the current article tries to resolve the ambiguities. According to the theological principles, all three theories on legitimacy (selection, appointment and dual) agree that the ruler would have the right to govern only if he would have the religious legal conditions. However, there is no agreement on whether he would also need to have another precondition, such as public acceptance. The cause of this dispute is the lack of differentiation between the two positions of the right to govern and the establishment (tenure) of the government. None of the three theories believe that the “innocents” (Imams) or “non-innocents” are authorized to establish a government by force, i.e. to establish a government, public consent or public acceptance is a precondition. However, regarding the right to govern, just as the innocents enjoy the divine permission (regardless of the public acceptance), the Faghihs are also authorized and have the right to govern; even if we admit that at the time of the absence of the innocent, the ruler is not specified and people have a role in selecting the ruler.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
7
30
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21861_fde3438f90ff6bc4105979dd5d5f9e65.pdf
The Ashoora Movement and our Religious and Political Rationality
Ghodratollah
Ghorbani
Associate Professor of Philosophy, Kharazmi University
author
text
article
2016
per
The prerequisite of our religious and political rationality in safeguarding the Ashoora Movement is the recognition and distinction between the role of three important factors of this movement, namely its goals, its methods and its tools. In this regard, features such as generality, stability, sanctity, conformity with the human nature and the religious texts, and maximal admission of the goals of the movement, increase its status in relation to the methods and the tools and even, in the light of the goals, give a new meaning to its nature and its role. In this regard, “Amr-e be Ma’roof va Nehy-e az Monkar” as the main religious and political goal of the movement, together with its other sacred and universal goals, determine the nature and the function of the tools such as mourning and also the function of “Hosseiniye”s and “Takiye”s. This is because methods and tools could be of value only if they serve the goals. Furthermore, attention to the longitudinal relationship between the three variables of cognition, affection and following the Imams, especially Imam Hossein, is very important in religious and political learning from the Ashoora Movement, because it keeps us away from radical emotionalism and adds to the importance of our religious and political rationality. It means that attention to Imam Hossein’s religious leadership role from which “Amr-e be Ma’roof” derives, is more important than demanding worldly and otherworldly needs. Thus, according to our religious and political rationality, it is necessary to follow the goals of Imamate and the Ashoora Movement and in this way, use only the methods and the tools that are beneficial and effective; because methods and tools are temporary and transient and could not be regarded as sacred.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
31
60
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21862_8fed3dc32c21512d91bd3b9c3c069edf.pdf
The Relationship between “Vali-e Faghih” and Religious Authority (Reviewing the Classical and Modern Patterns and Theories)
Abdolvahab
Forati
Associate Professor, Islamic Culture and Thought Research Center
author
text
article
2016
per
It seems that one of the most important issues in the religious government is the way of interaction between “Vali-e Faghih” and the clerical establishment, especially the religious authority institution, which could affect parts of conflicts or coordination between the religious society and the political leadership. The attitudes of religious authority towards its way of interaction with the political leadership on the one hand and the point that whether or not “Vali-e Faghih” himself is a religious authority on the other, could add special complexities to this relationship and make the relation between these two institutions one of the most critical issues in the religious government. Reviewing the procedure and documentary texts shows that there is no agreed idea or pattern in this regard which could cover such a relationship and this interaction has experienced ebbs and flows under the influence of historical and political conditions. However, current speculations show that there are several theories and patterns regarding this issue and we can review them and assess their methodological results within the contexts of two classical and modern approaches.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
61
90
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21863_0791ee50cba601c0b33168de1f0a4caa.pdf
The Criterion of Human Dignity in the Thoughts of Kant and Allameh Jafari; within the Framework of Three Humanist, Adjunct and Potential Humanity Theories
Mohammad
Kamali Goki
Ph.D. Student of Political Thoughts, Tarbiat Modarres University
author
Hojjat
Zamani Rad
Ph.D. Student of Political Thoughts, Tarbiat Modarres University
author
Abolfazl
Shakoori
Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Tarbiat Modarres
author
text
article
2016
per
In this article, the authors try to analyze the issue of human dignity in the thoughts of two prominent Islamic and Western thinkers. Such an analysis will be conducted within the framework of three humanist, adjunct and potential humanity theories. The main question we would like to answer is that “what is the criterion of human dignity”? In relation to this main question, we also discuss about some other questions such as “is it possible to deprive the man from dignity and if the answer is yes, with what excuse”? Our main hypothesis is that Kant, with a humanist approach, rules out the possibility of depriving the man from dignity and Allameh Jafari with a religious-oriented approach, consider the man as God’s caliph who has responsibilities towards its status and in case of the violation of those responsibilities, he would be deprived from his dignity by himself. By adopting a descriptive-analytical method, this article first explains the thoughts of these two thinkers and then analyzes them within the intended framework.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
91
118
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21864_56ee4cb6820eb7bf6a19e1274c448454.pdf
Identity Politics and New Social Movements
Seyed Mohammad Taghi
Al-e Seyed Ghafoor
Assistant Professor of Political Science, Bagher Al-Olum University
author
Alireza
Zoheiri
Ph.D. Student of Political Science; Researcher at Political Science and Thought Research Institute
author
text
article
2016
per
The political experience in the post-revolution Iran implies functional disorders of the governments and the rise of new forms of political conflicts between the discourses. All of these discourses, once dominated the government, became the hegemonic discourses and marginalized their “others”, i.e. for explaining their cultural world, in addition to expressing identity constructs, revealed the distinctions and differences with the others and rejected their rivals. As a result, the identities became centers for contest between political and social forces. By representation of the identity, the rejected political subjects confront the discourse of the dominant government and a new identity-focused form of social movements is created. Thus, the main question of this article is that “why and how identity is placed at the center of political disputes and how the politicization of identity results in the creation of new social movements”? By using the identity politics, we can answer this question and explain the response of the political subjects. Thus, identity politics implies the possibility of politicization of the subjects under the influence of identity. When a discourse becomes hegemonic and the identity derived from the discourse establishes ties with the sources of power, the communities which are pushed toward the corner in such a situation begin to resist the dominant discourse by representation of identity and then, identity-based social movements take shape.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
119
140
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21865_397447c3a90c0e33a012575a24930ade.pdf
Political Morality Approaches in Islam
Hamed
Mashkoori
دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران
author
Alireza
Sadra
Associate Professor; Department of Political Science; University of Tehran
author
text
article
2016
per
Observing the morality in the political sphere is an issue that its importance is becoming more and more clear for everyone. In an Islamic system, Islam and its inspiring rules are the main bases and integral parts and as a result, observing the moral teachings and principles is of a great importance. In this article we study the approaches inspired by Quran and the words of Imams and also the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Imam Khomeini and his successor Ayatollah Khamenei. These approaches could be used in developing the political morality in the Islamic system and society. The findings of this article could be used by the politicians and political agents who are willing to apply the Islamic moral codes of conduct in their political relations. It may also be useful for the organizations and institutions tasked with promoting the Islamic political culture.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
141
158
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21866_08ab7a549d8ddfd233e63f26442e81cf.pdf
Jurisprudential Analysis of the Islamic Government’s Duties towards Worships
Najafali
Gholami
Assistant Professor; Kharazmi University
author
text
article
2016
per
In Jurisprudential discourses, the issue of worships is a discussion that although its personal aspect dominates its other traits, it is in relation and interaction with a series of social and governmental issues. Thus, the government has a duty and as a result, an authority in its implementation, realization, supporting and supervising its implementation in the society. This article tries to analyze the jurisprudential arguments on the government’s obligation towards the triple aspects of realization, supporting and supervising the implementation of worships. Relying on the jurisprudential arguments, the author tries to specify the mentioned duties of the Islamic government in the sphere of worships.
Political Science
Baqir al-Olum University
1735-0557
19
v.
شماره 74- تابستان 95
no.
2016
159
175
https://psq.bou.ac.ir/article_21867_d79f2aaead6ca502f3cea0bb372cf5ea.pdf