MA student in Political Science Bagher-ol-Olum University
Abstract
The main concern of this paper is the description and analysis of the relationship between religion and politics in the modern thought. Though many intellectuals of the modernity era have dealt with the relationship between religion and politics, concentration on the three great thinkers of the time, i.e. Hobbs, Locke, and Kant, will help discover some of the present controversies in Iran over the relationship between religion and politics. Among the most important theories, requiring a second thought, are differentiating between the natural religion and the civil religion by Hobbs, differentiating between the state institution and the religion institution and founding secularism by Locke, and finally transforming the revealed religion into the ethical religion by Kant.
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