Velayat-e faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) as a political system; A plan for studying a political guardianship

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor, Al-Mustafa International University

10.22081/psq.2019.67129

Abstract

The internal constituents of the theory of Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist are an interconnected set and systems, which can be derived in the form of systematic and disciplined model, conceptual, normative, structural, and functional components; and we can explain each of them as a relational reaction. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to reread and present a new plan for the theory of political guardianship. The research method is descriptive-analytical, and the data were gathered with library method. The results indicated that the theory of political guardianship is composed of five key concepts—forger of guardianship, guardian, pupil, domain of power, and network of power whose internal network is fed by Islamic propositions. The internal structure of a political guardianship consists of political and social elements, the role of each is arranged and planned in a framework with two characteristics—interactive and systematic—of Islam. A guardian jurist assumes a legitimate, communicative, guidance, and strategic role within a political guardianship system. A pupil (an individual, civil society, and government) is actively involved as a permanent and participatory constituent of the guardianship system in all structural, functional and feedback processes. As the condition for application and condition for the continuation of political guardianship, people are both the cause of which a political system comes into existence, and the cause of which it continues to exist; therefore, the network and flow of power are endowed with a participatory characteristic.

Keywords

Article Title [العربیة]

ولایة الفقیه باعتبارها نظاماً سیاسیاً؛ خطّة لدراسة الولایة السیاسیة

Abstract [العربیة]

الأجزاء الداخلیة لنظریة ولایة الفقیه هی عبارة عن نظام ومجموعة مترابطة یمکن استخلاص مکوّناتها المفهومیة والمعیاریة والوظیفیة على شکل نموذج المجموعة والنظام وتفسیرها جمیعاً ضمن فعل اتّصالی منطقی. وفی هذا الصدد فإنّ البحث الراهن یهدف إلى إعادة قراءة نظریة الولایة السیاسیة وتقدیم خطّة جدیدة حولها. منهج البحث هو المنهج الوصفی التحلیلی وتمّ جمع البیانات بطریقة البحث المکتبی. کشفت النتائج عن ترکّب نظریة الولایة السیاسیة من خمسة مفاهیم مفتاحیة هی: جاعل الولایة، والولی، والمولّى علیه، وسعة السلطة، وشبکة السلطة؛ حیث تتغذّى شبکتها الداخلیة على الافتراضات الإسلامیة. تقوم البنیة الداخلیة للولایة السیاسیة على مجموعة من العناصر السیاسیة والاجتماعیة، حیث ترتّبَ واتّسقَ دور کلٍّ منها ضمن إطار السمة الثنائیة للإسلام أی التفاعل والانتظام. لولی الفقیه فی النظام السیاسی الولائی دور الشرعیة والاتّصال والدلالة والتوجیه. ثمّ إنّ للمولّى علیهم (الأفراد، والمجتمع المدنی، والدولة)، باعتبارهم مکوّنات مقوّمة للنظام الولائی ومساهِمة فیه، حضوراً فاعلاً فی جمیع العملیات البنیویة والوظیفیة والارتجاعات. وأمّا الجمهور فی النظام السیاسی فباعتباره شرط مباشرة الولایة السیاسیة وشرط تداومها، فهو العلّة المُحدِثة والعلّة المُبقِیة فی ذات الوقت. ومن ثمّ فشبکة السلطة وتدفّقها یتّصفان بالمساهمة والتشاطر

Keywords [العربیة]

  • ولایة الفقیه
  • النظام السیاسی
  • الولایة السیاسیة
  • شبکة السلطة

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