Political Tolerance and Its Functions in the Moral Governance of Islam

In Islamic ethics, the limit of moderation in the power of anger is courage, and the fruit of this moderation is generosity and patience. The importance of this principle is doubled when it enters the realm of governance, as a politician, given the wealth and power he possesses, may indeed become angry with others and go beyond the circle of justice and moderation. On the other hand, wisdom is the fundamental principle in political ethics that creates correct insight and measured behavior and keeps the powerful away from rebellion and impatience. In ethical governance, the discussion of loving interactions between the state, civil institutions, and citizens is based on moral virtues, in such a way that moral principles prevail in the processes of exercising power. In this view, people have a dynamic and influential role in the affairs of Islamic society. One of the main consequences of a commitment to ethical governance is the tolerance and generosity in tolerating opposing views and having an open heart to accept different views, programs, and practices, not only in the government but also in all components of society's power, which can lead to the spread of a culture of desirable governance and political progress and growth. Given the importance of this issue, the following article seeks to examine the functions of political tolerance in ethical governance from an Islamic perspective, and the hypothesis emphasizes that, given the presence of the element of moderation and wisdom in tolerance, it has several functions in ethical governance, such as the growth of rationality, the expansion of scientific and critical dialogue, empathy with citizens, and maximum absorption in Islamic society. This has been accomplished by referring to the texts of Islamic political thought, describing and analyzing data, and the ijtihad method.This has been accomplished by referring to the texts of Islamic political thought, describing and analyzing data, and the ijtihad method.